MizdakhanGuide

History of Mizdakhan

Explore the history of Mizdakhan (Mizdahkan): a Silk Road city and necropolis near Khodjeyli in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, with roots spanning about 2,400 years.

From Gyaur-Kala to a Silk Road city

Mizdakhan — also spelled Mizdahkan — grew on the western edge of today’s Khodjeyli in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. The oldest core, Gyaur-Kala, rose on a natural mound in the 4th century BCE and later became one of medieval Khorezm’s major cities on the Silk Road.

Arab geographers such as al-Istakhri and al-Maqdisi already knew Mizdakhan in the 10th century. After Mongol disruption, the settlement revived under the Golden Horde with new mausoleums and a living necropolis that pilgrims still visit.

Why the necropolis still matters

The Mizdakhan Necropolis preserves Zoroastrian-era memory alongside Islamic pilgrimage sites — Nazlimkhan Suliw, Shamun Nabi, and Khalifa Yerejep. For travelers, it is one of the most atmospheric heritage landscapes in Uzbekistan travel.